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The Gupta Period of India was not characterized by enormous material wealth or by elaborate trade activity. It was defined by creativity. flourishing arts, fabulous literature, and stupendous scholars are just a few of the things that marked the period.
For nearly 500 years, the various states warred with each other. In the northern territories, a new empire arose when a ruler named Chandragupta I ascended the throne in 320 CE. He revived many principles of Mauryan government and paved the way for his son, Samudragupta, to develop an extensive empire.
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Gupta Empire Art and Architecture:
The Gupta empire art and architecture is very much diverse in its design, style and characteristic features. Gupta art and architecture include temples, sculptures and paintings. They were the first rulers to build Hindu cave temples in India. The rock cut cave temple architecture in India reached its peak during Gupta period.
Temple Architecture of Gupta Period
- ·
Cave Temples
-
Buddhist rock cut temples of Gupta
period are located at Ajanta, Maharashtra and at Bagh, Madhya Pradesh.
- Guptas also built first Hindu cave temples at Udayagiri, Madhya Pradesh. These are Vaishnava temples.
- · Structural Temples
- In
North India, Guptas were first to build Hindu structural temples. In India,
Ikshvakus were first rulers to build Hindu structural temples at Nagarjunakonda
(Vijayapuri).
- Temples
of Gupta period are given below :-
o
Kankali Devi temple at Jabalpur.
o
Vishnu and Varaha temples at Eran, Madhya
Pradesh.
o
Parvati and Mahadeva temples at Nachna
Kuthara, Madhya Pradesh.
o
Dasavatara temple at Deogarh, Uttar Pradesh.
o Ruined temple at Bhitargaon near Kanpur.
- · Shikhara style temple architecture got emerged during Gupta architecture period.
Sculpture of Gupta Period
The sculptures of Gupta period are
mainly found in Madhya Pradesh and Bihar.
o
We can find a huge stone made man-boar (Varaha) image at Udayagiri
hills, Madhya Pradesh in which Vishnu is shown as Varaha. Guptas were
Vaishnavites, who worshipped the Boar.
o We could find Copper statue of Buddha at Sultanganj in Bihar. The height of the image is seven and half feet and weight is of 1 ton. Right now it is found in Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery.
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Gupta Period Art
Gupta Art mainly includes Paintings,
o Paintings of Gupta period are found in the cave of Bagh in state of Madhya Pradesh.
Gupta empire paintings are also found at Ajanta Caves (World Heritage Center) in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra.
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